囊萼花属─—中国玄参科新记录属及—新种

报道了我国玄参科的一个新记录属──囊萼花属ＣｙｒｔａｎｄｒｏｍｏｅａＺｏｌｌ，该属为印度－马来西亚分布，它经过泰国北部，缅甸与我国发生连系，到达我国云南贡山、屏边、金平。全世界有１１—１２种，我国（云南）首次记录两种，其中一种为新种。     

Capturing pair-wise epistatic effects associated with three agronomic traits in barley

Genetic association mapping has been widely applied to determine genetic markers favorably associated with a trait of interest and provide information for marker-assisted selection. Many association mapping studies commonly focus on main effects due to intolerable computing intensity. This study aims to select several sets of DNA markers with potential epistasis to maximize genetic variations of some key agronomic traits in barley. By doing so, we integrated a MDR (multifactor dimensionality reduction) method with a forward variable selection approach. This integrated approach was used to determine single nucleotide polymorphism pairs with epistasis effects associated with three agronomic traits: heading date, plant height, and grain yield in barley from the barley Coordinated Agricultural Project. Our results showed that four, seven, and five SNP pairs accounted for 51.06, 45.66 and 40.42% for heading date, plant height, and grain yield, respectively with epistasis being considered, while corresponding contributions to these three traits were 45.32, 31.39, 31.31%, respectively without epistasis being included. The results suggested that epistasis model was more effective than non-epistasis model in this study and can be more preferred for other applications.     

转基因大豆MON89788芯片式数字PCR定量方法的建立

针对抗虫耐除草剂大豆转基因品系MON89788,从转基因植物基因组DNA的提取、核酸模板的质量和浓度控制、引物探针的筛选、PCR反应过程的建立等方面建立了一套完整的转基因大豆芯片式dPCR定量检测方法。本实验也对该方法的重复性和定量检测限进行考察。10组5%转基因品系大豆MON89788样品定量重复性RSD在1.17%-9.97%之间,均满足国际上转基因定量结果RSD小于25%的要求。用该方法对转基因含量为5%、1%、0.1%的大豆MON89788进行定量检测,其定量结果为5.20%、0.94%和0.11%,RSD分别为6.2%、3.6%和15.2%。该检测方法的定量限达到0.1%,能满足欧盟对转基因定量标识0.9%的要求。将本实验建立的方法用于转基因大豆的定量检测,能为规范我国转基因监管工作的实施提供强有力的技术支撑。     

Screening of significant biomarkers related with prognosis of liver cancer by lncRNA-associated ceRNAs analysis

This study aimed to identify significant biomarkers related to the prognosis of liver cancer using long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-associated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) analysis. Differentially expressed mRNA and lncRNAs between liver cancer and paracancerous tissues were screened, and the functions of these mRNAs were predicted by gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses. A ceRNA network consisting of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs was constructed. LncRNA FENDRR and lncRNA HAND2-AS1 were hub nodes in the ceRNA network. A risk score assessment model consisting of eight genes (PDE2A, ESR1, FBLN5, ALDH8A1, AKR1D1, EHHADH, ADRA1A, and GNE) associated with prognosis were developed. Multivariate Cox regression suggested that both pathologic_T and risk group could be regarded as independent prognostic factors. Furthermore, a nomogram model consisting of pathologic_T and risk group showed a good prediction ability for predicting the survival rate of liver cancer patients. The nomogram model consisting of pathologic_T and a risk score assessment model could be regarded as an independent factor for predicting prognosis of liver cancer.     

A hybrid anaerobic solid-liquid bioreactor for food waste digestion

A hybrid anaerobic solid-liquid (HASL) bioreactor is an enhanced two-phase anaerobic system, that consists of a solid waste reactor as the acidification reactor and a wastewater reactor, i.e. an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor as the methanogenic reactor. Food waste digestion in HASL bioreactors with pre-acidification and HASL operation stages was investigated in two separate runs. After 8 days of pre-acidification in Run A and 4 days in Run B, total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations in the leachates of both acidification reactors were similar. During HASL operation stage, TVFA and COD removal in the methanogenic phase were 77–100% and 75–95%, respectively. Some 99% of the total methane generated was from the methanogenic phase with a content of 68–70% methane. At the end of operation, about 59–60% of the added volatile solids (VS) were removed with a methane yield of 0.25 l g^–1 VS.